[Maths Class Notes] on Geometry Symbols Pdf for Exam

In astronomy, geometric shapes help to understand the location of different planets, the solar system, and different stars. Our planets are round. The orbits are oval. Many geometric principles and machines are used in astronomy. Many important calculations and discoveries made in astronomy are possible with the help of geometry. Geometry is developed to be an effective guide for measuring the speed, location, volume, and length of celestial bodies. Astronomy is the study of these objects and geometry helps to determine the width and placement of the atmosphere.

Geometry is the study of shapes. It is broadly classified into two types: plane geometry and solid geometry. Plane geometry deals with two-dimensional figures like squares, circles, rectangles, triangles, and many more. Whereas Solid geometry deals with the study of three-dimensional shapes like cube, cuboid, cylinder, cone, sphere, and many more.

The study of this shape is needed to find lengths, widths, area, volume, perimeter, and many more terms. 

In mathematics, we need specific terms again and again to solve problems. It becomes difficult to write the full terms repeatedly, hence the shortcuts for these terms are discovered and it is called a symbol.

There are many symbols related to these terms. 

Geometry symbols are used in day to day to indicate length, width, area, volume, angles, etc. in this session we will study the introduction to geometry symbols and the Important table of Geometry Symbols

Here is the geometry symbols chart. It will help you memorize this symbol at your fingertip. 

Geometry Symbols Chart

Let us see the different symbols and their related meanings 

Geometry Symbols Chart

Symbol

Symbol Name

Meaning

Example

Angle 

formed by two rays

∠PQR = 400

measured angle 

Measure between two angles

∡PQR = 70º

Angle 

formed by two rays

∠PQR = 60º

Right angle 

Two rays form an angle of 90º

∠PQR = 90º

º

Degree 

1 turn = 360º

∠PQR = 60º

Arcminute 

1º = 60’

∠PQR = 40º49′

Arcsecond 

1’ = 60”

∠PQR = 50º49’30”

AB

Line  segment

the line from point A to point B

Line AB with endpoints A and B

[overleftrightarrow{AB}]

Line

infinite line

A line AB infinite in both the directions

[overrightarrow{AB}]

ray

The line that starts from point A

A line starting from point A and passing through B infinitely

perpendicular

perpendicular lines (90º angle)

BC ⊥ AB

(read as AB perpendicular to AB)

⟂̷

 

Not perpendicular to

Lines are not perpendicular to each other

BC ⟂̷ AB    (read as BC not perpendicular to AB)

congruent to

equivalence of two triangles

∆PQR ≅ ∆XYZ

(read as ∆PQR congruent to ∆XYZ) 

parallel

parallel lines

AB || CD

(read as AB and CD are parallel lines)

Not parallel to

Non-parallel lines

AB∦CD ( read as AB and cd are non-parallel lines)

Δ

Triangle 

The shape of the triangle

ΔABC ≅ ΔPQR

Quadrilateral

The shape of any quadrilateral 

□ABCD

~

Similarity 

same shapes, but not of the same size

∆ABC ~ ∆PQR

(read as a∆ABC is similar to ∆PQR)

π

pi constant

π = 3.141592654… or 22/7 

is the ratio of circumference to the diameter of a circle

c = πd = 2πr

|x–y|

Distance 

distance between points x and y

| x–y | = 3

rad

radians

radians angle unit

360° = 2π rad

c

radians

radians angle unit

360° = 2π c

grad

gradians/gons

grads angle unit

360° = 400 grad

g

gradians/gons

grads angle unit

3600 = 400g

It is a very important table of geometry symbols, which will prove helpful to you in problem-solving. Memorizing this geometry symbols chart is very vital.

Some More Common Symbols

()

()

Besides the above mentioned there are more common symbols related to geometry.

The above figure is an irregular pentagon, a five-sided polygon.

Let us have a Look at Some Symbols used are

Angles are commonly marked by an arc if it is an acute or obtuse angle or by a half square if it is the right angle.in the above figure marks in green color indicates the angles

The alphabets A, B, C, D, and E are the vertices of the shape which can be marked by any alphabets. The intersection of two lines is a vertex.

Tick marks in orange color on the sides of the shape indicate that the two sides are congruent. The sides on which this mark is marked are congruent. Tick marks are also referred to as ‘hatch marks’. For example side, AB is congruent to side DE. And side BC is congruent to side CD.

The angles symbol ‘∠’ is most commonly used to describe any angle. The angle ABC is expressed as ∠ABC. The middle alphabet here is the vertex of the angle. You are describing hence we can also write it as ∠B. And if you want to write a measure of an angle then it is written as m∠ABC or m∠B. Instead of writing the word measure, again and again, we can simply write the word m for it.

For example, we have to show a measure of angle ABC we can write it as 

m∠ABC = 1200

Or 

m∠B = 1200

Writing in this way becomes easier while solving problems.

Geometry in Domestic Activities and Household

Surprisingly, mathematics plays an important role in the art of cooking. There are useful tools, such as measuring cups, measuring spoons, and scales, to help with food preparation. However, some measurement background, fractions, and geometry are required when cooking and baking. Chefs need to be able to measure and measure ingredients, time recipes, and adjust and measure cooking temperatures. Points, lines, angles, curves, two-dimensional shapes, volumes, and scales form the basis of home design and geometry. 

Video games use geometry to help viewers experience depth and movement. Other recreational activities, such as building kits, building skateboard ramps, or creating a Lego require geometry. Geometry allows you to determine how shapes and figures fit together to maximize efficiency and visual appeal. Quilting requires geometry to ensure that your linens are balanced and visually appealing. It is clear, then, that geometry affects us even in the most basic details of our lives. No matter what the form, it helps us to understand certain events and to raise the standard of living.

Why does delta mean a difference or a change in statistics as opposed to another symbol?

There are at least four different signs of difference or a change in mathematics, all based on the word “difference”.

  • d is used as the starting point for flexibility to show the infinite difference in flexibility. Officially, it shows the “difference”, which is related to the difference as the difference goes to zero. It is the first letter of “difference” or “difference”.

  • Δ is used as the starting point for variables to indicate the relative variability in variables. It comes from the Greek word Διαφορά, meaning “difference”.

  • Δ is used as the beginning of a variable to show a small difference in the variable. Unlike Δx, δx is generally considered to be very small. It also comes from the Greek word διαφορά, meaning “difference”.

  • ∂ is a variation from the above used in multivariable calculus to indicate “partial variation”. It is a “d” in style, intended to (a) be seen as related to “differences”, like others, and (b) to be different from them.

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