[Maths Class Notes] on Bivariate Analysis Pdf for Exam

Bivariate data help you in studying two variables. For example, you are studying a group of college students. To find out their average SAT score and their age, you have two pieces of the puzzle to find (SAT score and age). Both SAT and age are variables. Now suppose you need to find a relation between the weights and heights of college students, then also you have bivariate data. Bi means two, variate means variables. Analysis of the changes in the two variables is called bivariate analysis. Out of the two variables, one is dependent and the other is independent. 

Data in statistics are sometimes classified according to how many variables are in a particular study. For example, “height” and “weight” might be two different variables. Depending on the number of variables being looked at, the data might be univariate, or it might be bivariate.

When you conduct a study that looks at a single variable, that study involves univariate data. Bivariate data could also be two sets of items that are dependent on each other. For example

Bivariate data has many practical uses in real life. For example, it is pretty helpful to be able to predict when a natural event might occur. One tool in the statistician’s toolbox is bivariate data analysis. Sometimes, something as simple as plotting one variable against another on a Cartesian plane can give you a clear picture of what the data is trying to tell you. For example, the scatterplot below shows the relationship between the time between eruptions at Old Faithful vs. the duration of the eruption.

What is Bivariate Analysis? 

Bivariate analysis is an analysis of two variables to determine the relationships between them. They are often reported in quality of life research. It is one of the simplest forms of quantitative (statistical) analysis. It involves the analysis of two variables (it is often denoted as X, Y), for the purpose of determining the empirical relationship between them.

Bivariate analysis is extremely helpful in testing simple hypotheses of association. It is very helpful in determining to what extent it becomes easier to know and predicts a value for one variable (possibly a dependent variable) if the value of the other variable (possibly the independent variable) is known (see also correlation and simple linear regression). There can be a contrast between bivariate analysis and univariate analysis in which only one variable is analyzed. Both univariate analysis and bivariate analysis can be descriptive or inferential. We can say, it is the analysis of the relationship between the two variables. Bivariate analysis is a simple (two-variable) and special case of multivariate analysis (where simultaneously multiple relations between multiple variables are examined).

Bivariate analysis can be defined as the analysis of bivariate data. It is one of the simplest forms of statistical analysis, which is used to find out if there is a relationship between two sets of values. Usually, it involves the variables X and Y.

• The univariate analysis involves an analysis of one (“uni”) variable.

• The bivariate analysis involves the analysis of exactly two variables.

• The multivariate analysis involves the analysis of more than two variables.

The results we get from the bivariate analysis can be stored in a two-column data table. For example, you might be eager to find out the relationship between caloric intake and weight (of course, the two are related very strongly). Caloric intake will be your independent variable, X, and weight will be your dependent variable, Y.

Bivariate analysis and two sample data analyses are not the same. With two sample data analysis (like a two-sample is a test in Excel), X and Y are not directly related and there will also be a different number of data values in each sample. With bivariate analysis, there is a Y value for each X. For example, suppose you had a caloric intake of 3,000 calories per day and a weight of 300lbs. You will have to write that with the x-variable followed by the y-variable: (3000,300).

Here are Two sample data analysis

Sample 1: 100,45,88,99

Sample 2: 44,33,101

Bivariate analysis

(X,Y)=(100,56),(23,84),(398,63),(56,42)

Types of Bivariate Analysis

Some of the common types of bivariate analysis include:

1. Scatter Plots: Scatterplot provides you with a visual idea of the pattern that your variables follow.

Graph-A simple scatterplot

2. Regression Analysis: Regression analysis is a catch-all term for a wide variety of tools that can be used to determine how your data points might be related. The points in the image above seem like they could follow an exponential curve (as opposed to a straight line). Regression analysis not only provides you with an equation for that curve or line but also gives you the correlation coefficient.

3. Correlation Coefficients: Calculation of values for correlation coefficients are performed using a computer, although here, you can find the steps to find the correlation coefficient by hand. This coefficient acknowledges you if the variables are related. Basically, by ‘0’ means they aren’t correlated (i.e. related in some way), while a ‘1’ (either positive or negative) means that the variables are perfectly correlated (i.e. they are perfectly in sync with each other).