[Maths Class Notes] on Beta Function Pdf for Exam

In Mathematics, the two most popular functions are Beta and Gamma Function. Beta is a two-variable function, while Gamma is a single variable function. And the relation between the Beta Function and the Gamma Function will help solve many Physics and Mathematics problems. The Beta Function is a one-of-a-kind function, often known as the first type of Euler’s integrals. β is the notation used to represent it. The Beta Function is represented by (p, q), where p and q are both real values.

It clarifies the relationship between the inputs and outputs. The Beta Function tightly associates each input value with one output value. Many Mathematical processes rely heavily on the Beta Function.

Functions are a very important part of Mathematics. A function acts as the link between a set of input and output values, such that if you pass a certain input value through a given function, it will always yield one specific output. Therefore, a function is a special correlation between two data sets. Now, we can have some special types of functions. These functions can act as solutions for integral and differential equations. One such set of functions is Euler’s Integral Functions. This group consists of two types, namely Gamma and Beta Function. In this article, we are going to discuss the Beta Function, its definition, properties, the Beta Function formula, and some problems based on this topic.

 

Mathematical Functions can be represented in different ways, such as – in the form of an algorithm or formula that shows how to calculate an output for a given value or in the form of a graph or an image.

 

There is a term known as special functions. These are the specific Mathematical functions having special notations as well as established names because of their importance in various branches of Physics and Mathematics.

Few special functions appear as integrals of differential equation solutions at times. Some commonly studied special functions are step function, absolute value function, floor function, triangle wave function, error function, Bessel’s function, Riemannian zeta function, Euler integral function, and more.

Definition of Beta Function

We would first like to define the Beta Function before we proceed with the properties and problems. A Beta Function is a special kind of function which we classify as the first kind of Euler’s integrals. The function has real number domains. We express this function as B(x,y) where x and y are real and greater than 0. The Beta Function is also symmetric, which means B(x, y) = B(y ,x). The notation used for the Beta Function is “β”. The Beta Function in calculus forms an association between the input and output sets in integral equations and many more Mathematical operations.

The Beta Function is a one-of-a-kind function, often known as the first type of Euler’s integrals. “β” is the notation used to represent it. The Beta Function is represented by (p, q), where p and q are both real values.

It clarifies the relationship between the inputs and outputs. The Beta Function tightly associates each input value with one output value. Many Mathematical processes rely heavily on the Beta Function.

Different forms of special functions have become vital tools for scientists and engineers in many fields of applied Mathematics. The classical Beta Function β(α, β) is undoubtedly one of the most fundamental special functions due to its essential significance in a variety of fields such as Mathematics, Physics, statistics, and engineering. Various writers have produced numerous fascinating and valuable extensions of various special functions like the Gamma and Beta Functions, the Gauss hypergeometric function, and so on in the last few decades.

Many complex integrals in Calculus can be simplified to formulations involving the Beta Function. Because of its close relationship to the Gamma Function, which is an extension of the factorial function, the Beta Function is essential in calculus. Because of the following feature, the Gamma Function is related to the Factorial Function.

 Γ (n+1)=nΓn

The only snag is that n must be a positive (+) integer.

 

Using the Beta Function to Integrate

When evaluating integrals in terms of the Gamma Function, the Beta Function comes in handy. We demonstrate the evaluation of various distinct forms of integrals that would otherwise be inaccessible to us in this article.

Beta Function Formula

The Beta Function formula is as follows:

Here, p and q are greater than 0 and real numbers.

 

The Beta Function plays a very important role in calculus as it has a very close relationship with the Gamma Function. The Gamma Function itself is a general expression of the factorial function in Mathematics. The application of the beta-Gamma Function lies in the simplification of many complex integral functions into simple integrals containing the Beta Function.

 

Relationship Between Beta and Gamma Functions

The beta-Gamma Function relationship is as follows:

B(p,q)=(Tp.Tq)/T(p+q)

 

Here, the Gamma Function formula is:

The Beta Function can also find expression as the factorial formula given below:

B(p,q)=(p−1)!(q−1)!(p−1)!(q−1)!/(p+q−1)!

 

Here, p! = p. (p-1). (p-2)… 3. 2. 1

 

These relationships formed by the beta-Gamma Function are extremely crucial in solving integrals and Beta Function problems.

 

Beta Function Properties

The following are some useful Beta Function properties that one should keep in mind:

• The Beta Function is symmetric which means the order of its parameters does not change the outcome of the operation. In other words, B(p,q)=B(q,p).

• B(p, q+1) = B(p, q). q/(p+q)q/(p+q).

• B(p+1, q) = B(p, q). p/(p+q)p/(p+q).

• B (p, q). B (p+q, 1-q) = π/ p sin (πq).

Incomplete Beta Function

The incomplete Beta Function is basically the formula expressed in a generalized form. We show it by the following relation:

B (z: a, b) =

 

The notation for the same is B(a,b). When we put z = 1, we obtain our normal Beta Function. Therefore, B(1:a,b) = B(a, b).

 

The incomplete Beta Function finds application in Physics, calculus, Mathematical analysis and many other domains.

 

Beta Function Applications

The Beta Function finds implementation in many areas of science and Mathematics. For instance, in string theory, which is a part of complex Physics, the function computes and represents the scattering amplitudes of the Regge trajectories. The bet
a-Gamma Function duo also has numerous applications in calculus.

 

Now, the basic concepts are clear, we will look at Beta Function examples and Beta Function problems with solutions.