[Maths Class Notes] on Algebraic Equations Pdf for Exam

Algebraic Equations Examples

An equation says that two things are equal. This means that the equation will always have an equal sign ‘=’ like this:

x+5=10

The above equation says that both sides are balanced: what is on the left (x+5) is equal to what is on the right (10). The equation is balanced as both sides have the same value. If you solve the equation, the value of x will be 5, the equation will be mathematically balanced. To avoid committing an error that tips the equation out of balance, ensure that any change on either side of the equation is reciprocated on the opposite side. For example, if you want to add a number 2 to the left side of the equation you will have to add the same 2 to the other side of the equation i.e.

x+5=10

x+5+2=10+2

The process goes the same for subtraction, multiplication, and division. The equation will remain balanced as long as you do the same thing to both sides.

Types of Algebraic Equations

Algebraic equations questions are solved based on their position of variables, the functions and the types of operators used. A few of the equations in algebra are discussed below.

Polynomial Equations: All polynomial equations are different algebraic equations, but all algebraic equations are not polynomial equations. To recall the basics, a polynomial equation is an equation that consists of variables, exponents and coefficients.

Linear equations: ax+b=c (a not equal to 0)

Quadratic Equations: A quadratic equation is a polynomial equation of degree 2 in one variable of type.

The quadratic equations are polynomials with degree 2 in one variable of type  f(x) = ax² + bx + c.

Quadratic Equations: ax²+bx+c=0 (a not equal to 0)

Cubic Equations: A cubic equation is a polynomial equation of degree 2. All the cubic polynomials are also algebraic equations.

Cubic Polynomials: ax³+bx²+cx+d=0

Rational Polynomial Equations

P(x)/Q(x)=0

Trigonometric Equations: All the trigonometric equations are considered as algebraic functions. For a trigonometry equation, the expression includes the trigonometric functions of a variable.

Trigonometric Equations: cos2x = 1+4sinx

How to Solve Algebraic Equations?

Consider the following situation. I am going to the market. In one carry bag, I carry some potatoes, onions and papayas. The bag can carry a total of 8 items in it. So I purchased 4 potatoes and 2 onions. How many papayas can I now carry?

Consider the number of towels to be ‘x’. Let’s form the equation now.

4 potatoes + 2 onions + ‘x’ papaya = 8 items

The left-hand side (LHS) of our equation is being compared to the right-hand side (RHS) of the equation.

Now, let’s solve this equation:

4+2+x=8

6+x=8

6+x-6=8−6

x=2

I can carry 2 papayas for my trip.

In the same way, what would certainly represent an inequality? Definitely, when the left-hand side is not equal to the right-hand side. How would this happen?

Taking the same example, 6 + x = 8, and change that equal to a greater than or a lesser than sign. They aren’t equations anymore. Look for some more examples to clarify this concept.

x + 5 = 10 is an equation

xy + 3 = z is an equation

But, 6p < 77 is not.

Let’s see some of the algebraic equations examples with answers

Question: Simplify the given equation : 2(x+4)+3(x–5)–2y=0

Solution

Given equation: 2(p+4)+3(p−5)–2q=0

2p+2×4+3p–3×5–2q=0 (Using Distributive property to get rid of parenthesis)

2p+8+3p–15–2q=0 (Simplifying).

5p–2q–7=0 (on further simplifying terms).